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== <span style="font-size: 16pt;">Improved subjective recovery with hyperbaric oxygen but no influence on markers of cellular damage or hormone levels</span> ==

== '''Clinical bottom line:''' ==

{|
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| '''<span>1.Hyperbaric oxygen was not associated with any objective differences in serum hormones or markers of cellular damage.</span>'''<br/> <br/> '''<span>2. There were improvements in the subjective reporting of the degree of recovery following hyperbaric oxygen exposures.</span>'''
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'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Citation/s:&nbsp;</span>'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">1. Branco BU, Fukuda DH, Andreato LV, da Silva Santos JF, Esteves JV, Franchini E. The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on post-training recovery in jiu-jitsu athletes PloS one 2016;11(3:e0150517</span>

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">'''Lead author's name and email:''' BH Branco </span> <span style="font-size: 120%;">brauliomagnani@live</span>

'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Three-part Clinical Question:</span>''''''<span style="font-size: 11pt;"></span>'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">For Jui-Jitsu athletes, does the administration of hyperbaric oxygen following training sessions compared to rest, result in any effect on hormone concentrations or biochemical markers of cellular damage?</span>

'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Search Terms:</span>''''''<span style="font-size: 11pt;"></span>'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Exercise, recovery, martial arts</span>

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">'''The Study:''' Non-blinded randomised controlled trial with intention-to-treat.</span>

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">'''The Study Patients:''' Adult male Jui-Jitsu athletes in regular training three times each week and without a current injury</span>

'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Control group</span>''''''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">'''(</span>'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">N = 11; 11 analysed): Passive recovery for 2 hours after two separate training sessions.</span>

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">'''Experimental group''' (N = 11; 11 analysed): Breathing 100% oxygen at 2.4 ATA for one hour and 40 minutes after two separate training sessions, followed by a further 1 hour and 40 minute recovery period.</span>

'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">The Evidence:</span>'''

{| class="Table" style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt"
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width:160.55pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="214" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''Measure (means)'''</p> 
| colspan="2" style="width:83.55pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="111" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''Control Group'''</p> 
| colspan="2" style="width:72.3pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="96" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''HBOT Group'''</p> 
| rowspan="2" style="width:50.15pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="67" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''Difference'''</p> 
| rowspan="2" style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''95% CI'''</p> 
|-
| style="width:48.1pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="64" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''Mean'''</p> 
| style="width:33.95pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="45" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''SD'''</p> 
| style="width:45.7pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="61" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''Mean'''</p> 
| style="width:25.1pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="33" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''SD'''</p> 
|-
| style="width:160.55pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="214" | 
'''Serum Creatine Kinase (units/L) at 2 hrs'''

| style="width:48.1pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="64" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">511</p> 
| style="width:33.95pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="45" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">163</p> 
| style="width:45.7pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="61" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">502</p> 
| style="width:25.1pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="33" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">322</p> 
| style="width:50.15pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="67" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">9</p> 
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">-218 to 236</p> 
|-
| style="width:160.55pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="214" | 
'''Serum Creatine Kinase (units/L) at 24 hrs'''

| style="width:48.1pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="64" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">562</p> 
| style="width:33.95pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="45" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">335</p> 
| style="width:45.7pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="61" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">489</p> 
| style="width:25.1pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="33" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">281</p> 
| style="width:50.15pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="67" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">73</p> 
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">-202 to 348</p> 
|-
| style="width:160.55pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="214" | 
'''Serum cortisol (ng/ml) at 2 hours'''

| style="width:48.1pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="64" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">8.1</p> 
| style="width:33.95pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="45" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">1.8</p> 
| style="width:45.7pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="61" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">6.5</p> 
| style="width:25.1pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="33" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">15.6</p> 
| style="width:50.15pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="67" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">1.60</p> 
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" | <p style="text-align: center; padding: 0.75pt;">-8.3 to 11.5</p> 
|}
 
{| class="Table" style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt"
|-
| style="width:174.7pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="233" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''Measure (medians)'''</p> 
| style="width:90.65pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="121" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''Time to outcome/s'''</p> 
| style="width:69.35pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="92" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''Control group'''</p> 
| style="width:71.2pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''HBOT group'''</p> 
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">'''P-value'''</p> 
|-
| style="width:174.7pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="233" | 
'''Ratings of Perceived Recovery (0 - 10 (worst))'''

| style="width:90.65pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="121" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">2 hours</p> 
| style="width:69.35pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="92" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">6 (5 - 7)</p> 
| style="width:71.2pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">8 (6 - 9)</p> 
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">< 0.05</p> 
|-
| style="width:174.7pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="233" | 
'''Ratings of Perceived Recovery (0 - 10 (worst))'''

| style="width:90.65pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="121" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">24 hours</p> 
| style="width:69.35pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="92" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">9 (8 - 6)</p> 
| style="width:71.2pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">10 (9 - 10)</p> 
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" | <p align="center" style="text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><0.05</p> 
|}

'''Comments'''

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">1. Crossover study with no attempt to blind participants or experimenters.Comments:</span>

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">2. Thorough statistical approach with ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni correction. The meaning if the difference between groups used to calculate sample size is not clear.</span>

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">3. Authors emphasise the biochemical results over the subjective outcomes.</span>

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">4. The improvement in subjective recovery scores at 24 hours seems very modest and may be of little practical importance.</span>

<span style="font-size: 11pt;">5. Lack of blinding may have influenced the subjective outcome.</span>

'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Appraised by</span>''''''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">''': '''; Monday, 9 April</span>'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Michael Bennett m.bennett@unsw.edu.au&nbsp;</span>'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">&nbsp;</span>'''

'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Kill or Update By:</span>''''''<span style="font-size: 11pt;"></span>'''<span style="font-size: 11pt;">April 2025</span>

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