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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>'''<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">SCUBA breathing decreased diffusing capacity following a shallow immersion dive, but not when using SCUBA out of the water. </span>'''<br />
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| <span style'''"font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Clinical Bottom Line:'''</span><br><span style'''"font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">1. Breathing through SCUBA underwater reduced diffusing capacity, but breathing through SCUBA on the surface did not.</span> <br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Citation/s:''' 1. Koehle MS, Hodges ANH,LynnBM, Rachich MF, McKenzie DC. Diffusing capacity and spirometry following a dive to 4.5 meters. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine 2006; 33(2):109-118.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Three-part Clinical Question:''' For SCUBA divers, does the use of the SCUBA itself, compared to the use of SCUBA while immersed, result in any changes in pulmonary function?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Search Terms:''' Diving, diffusing capacity, spirometry</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''The Study:'''Non-blinded randomised cross-over trial with intention-to-treat.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''The Study Patients:''' Healthy SCUBA divers with no history of respiratory disease.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Control group''' (N = 10; 10 analysed): A 60 minute period of breathing through SCUBA at 1 ATA while non-immersed. Two separate iterations at least 48 hours apart.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Experimental group''' (N = 10; 10 analysed): A 60 minute period of breathing through SCUBA whilst immersed at 4.5 metres in a swimming pool.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''The Evidence:'''</span><br />
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| <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">'''Measure''' </span></span> |||| <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">'''Pre-exposure''' </span></span> |||| <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">'''Post-exposure''' </span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">'''Difference at 90 minutes''' </span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">'''95% CI''' </span></span> <br />
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|^ || <span style'''"font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Mean'''</span> || <span style'''"font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''SD'''</span> || <span style'''"font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Mean'''</span> || <span style'''"font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''SD'''</span> ||^ ||^ <br />
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| '''<span style'''"font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Diffusing capacity for CO in controls (mmol/min/kPa)</span>''' || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">8.65</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">2.48</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">8.64</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">2.45</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">0.010</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">-2.31 to 2.33</span></span> <br />
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| '''<span style'''"font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Diffusing capacity for CO in immersed group (mmol/min/kPa)</span>''' || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">8.96</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">2.35</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">7.68</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">2.48</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style'''"display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">1.280</span></span> || <span style'''"display: block; text-align: center;"><span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">-0.99 to 3.55</span></span> <br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Comments:'''</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">1. Measured changes were greater at 90 minutes than 60 minutes.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">2. The authors' more sophisticated statistics showed a significant reduction where our simple t-test does not.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">3. There were no significant changes in any spirometry measurements.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">4. The observed changes seem to imply that alterations in diffusing capacity may not be depth related, but rather, immersion related.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Appraised by:''' Mike Bennett, Sydney ; Tuesday, 26 June 2007Email: [[mailto:m.bennett@unsw.edu.au | m.bennett@unsw.edu.au]]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">'''Kill or Update By:''' December 2021</span><br />
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