Xiong2 - Revision history

M.bennett at 02:01, 31 December 2020

2020-12-31T02:01:29Z

Show changes

M.bennett: Created page with "
'''
2020-12-31T01:54:23Z

Created page with "<div style="border-bottom:solid #962d91 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm"> <span style="font-size:xx-large;">'''<span lang="EN"><span style="font-family:" inherit",serif"=""><sp..."

New page
<div style="border-bottom:solid #962d91 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<span style="font-size:xx-large;">'''<span lang="EN"><span style="font-family:" inherit",serif"=""><span style="color:#962d91">No improvement in autism spectrum disorder with a course of hyperbaric oxygen therapy</span></span></span>'''</span>
</div>
<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Citation:</span></span></span>'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">1.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Xiong T, Chen H, Luo R, Mu D. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2016, Issue 10. Art. No.: CD010922. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010922.pub2. Accessed 31 December 2020.</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Background</span></span></span>'''</span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">The rising prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased the need for evidence</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" cambria="" math",serif"=""><span style="color:black">‐</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">based treatments to lessen the impact of symptoms. Presently, no therapies are available to effectively treat individuals with all of the symptoms of this disorder. It has been suggested that hyperbaric oxygen therapy may alleviate the biochemical dysfunction and clinical symptoms of ASD.</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Objectives</span></span></span>'''</span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">To determine whether treatment with hyperbaric oxygen:</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">1. improves core symptoms of ASD, including social communication problems and stereotypical and repetitive behaviors;</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">2. improves noncore symptoms of ASD, such as challenging behaviors;</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">3. improves comorbid states, such as depression and anxiety; and</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">4. causes adverse effects.</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Search methods</span></span></span>'''</span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">On 10 December 2015, we searched CENTRAL, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and 15 other databases, four of which were Chinese language databases. We also searched multiple trial and research registers.</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Selection criteria</span></span></span>'''</span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" cambria="" math",serif"=""><span style="color:black">‐</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">RCTs of any dose, duration, and frequency for hyperbaric oxygen therapy compared with no treatment or sham treatment for children and adults with ASD.</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Data collection and analysis</span></span></span>'''</span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">We used standard methodological procedures expected by The Cochrane Collaboration, in that three review authors independently selected studies, assessed them for risk of bias, and extracted relevant data. We also assessed the quality of the evidence by using the GRADE approach.</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Main results</span></span></span>'''</span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">We included one trial with a total of 60 children with a diagnosis of ASD who randomly received hyperbaric oxygen therapy or a sham treatment. Using GRADE criteria, we rated the quality of the evidence as low because of the small sample size and wide confidence intervals (CIs). Other problems included selection bias and short duration or follow</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" cambria="" math",serif"=""><span style="color:black">‐</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">up.</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Overall, study authors reported no improvement in social interaction and communication, behavioral problems, communication and linguistic abilities, or cognitive function. With regard to the safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (adverse events), they reported minor</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" cambria="" math",serif"=""><span style="color:black">‐</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">grade ear barotrauma events. Investigators found significant differences between groups in total number of side effect events (Peto odds ratio (OR) 3.87, 95% CI 1.53 to 9.82) and in the number of children who experienced side effects (Peto OR 4.40, 95% CI 1.33 to 14.48).</span></span></span></span></span>

<span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span lang="EN" style="font-size:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">Authors' conclusions</span></span></span>'''</span></span>
<span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">To date, there is no evidence that hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves core symptoms and associated symptoms of ASD. It is important to note that adverse effects (minor</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:" cambria="" math",serif"=""><span style="color:black">‐</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:" arial",sans-serif"=""><span style="color:black">grade ear barotrauma events) can occur. Given the absence of evidence of effectiveness and the limited biological plausibility and possible adverse effects, the need for future RCTs of hyperbaric oxygen therapy must be carefully considered.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: none;"> </span>