Difference between revisions of "Xu2017"
 
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<span style="font-size:medium;"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">The Evidence:</span></span>'''</span></span>
 
<span style="font-size:medium;"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">The Evidence:</span></span>'''</span></span>
  
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{| class="Table" style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; width: 719px;"
 
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Outcome</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width: 167px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="138" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Outcome</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Time to Outcome</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width: 81px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Time to Outcome</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Sham rate</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width: 63px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">1.5 ATA group</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">HBO rate</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width: 78px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">2.5 ATA group</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width:63.05pt" width="86" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Relative Risk Reduction</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width: 100px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Relative risk reduction</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width:69.4pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Absolute Risk Reduction</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width: 86px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="92" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Absolute risk reduction</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width:37.55pt" width="53" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">NNT</span></span>'''</span></p>  
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| style="width: 89px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="60" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">NNT</span></span>'''</span></p>  
 
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| rowspan="2" |  
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| rowspan="2" style="width: 167px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="138" |  
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<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Modified Rankin Score -good outcome (< 2) Range 0 (best) to 5 (worst)</span></span>'''</span>
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<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Modified Rankin Score </= 1 &nbsp;(Good outcome)</span></span>'''</span>
  
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">6 months</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 81px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">6 months</span></span></span></p>  
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.69</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 63px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">.69</span></span></span></p>  
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.89</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 78px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">.89</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width:63.05pt" width="86" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">30%</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 100px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">30%</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width:69.4pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.21</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 86px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="92" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.2</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width:37.55pt" width="53" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">5</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 89px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="60" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">5</span></span></span></p>  
 
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|-
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| colspan="3" | <p align="right" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:right; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">95% CIs:</span></span></span></p>  
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| colspan="3" style="width: 236px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="225" | <p align="right" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:right; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">95% CIs:</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width:63.05pt" width="86" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">3% to 57%</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 100px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">3% to 57%</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width:69.4pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.02 to 0.39</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 86px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="92" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.02 to 0.39</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width:37.55pt" width="53" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">3 to 44</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 89px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="60" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">3 to 44</span></span></span></p>  
 
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|-
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| rowspan="2" |  
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| rowspan="2" style="width: 167px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="138" |  
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<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Good Outcome NIHSS (< 3) Range 0 (Best) to 42 (Worst)</span></span>'''</span>
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<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">NIHSS </= 2 (Good outcome)</span></span>'''</span>
  
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">6 months</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width: 81px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">6 months</span></span></span></p>  
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.56</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 63px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">.56</span></span></span></p>  
−
| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.81</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 78px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">.81</span></span></span></p>  
−
| style="width:63.05pt" width="86" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">44%</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 100px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">44%</span></span></span></p>  
−
| style="width:69.4pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.25</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 86px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="92" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.25</span></span></span></p>  
−
| style="width:37.55pt" width="53" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">-4</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 89px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="60" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">4</span></span></span></p>  
 
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|-
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| colspan="3" | <p align="right" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:right; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">95% Confidence Intervals:</span></span></span></p>
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| colspan="3" style="width: 236px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="225" | <p align="right" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:right; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">95% CIs:</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width:63.05pt" width="86" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">-80% to -7%</span></span></span></p>
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| style="width: 100px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">7% to 80%</span></span></span></p>  
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| style="width:69.4pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.04 to 0.45</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 86px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="92" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.04 to 0.45</span></span></span></p>  
−
| style="width:37.55pt" width="53" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">2 to 25</span></span></span></p>
+
| style="width: 89px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="60" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">2 to 24</span></span></span></p>  
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| rowspan="2" |
 
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<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Barthel Index 95 to 100 Range 0 (worst) to 100 (Best)</span></span>'''</span>
 
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">6 months</span></span></span></p>
 
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.66</span></span></span></p>
 
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| <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.85</span></span></span></p>
 
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| style="width:63.05pt" width="86" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">-30%</span></span></span></p>
 
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| style="width:69.4pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">-0.195</span></span></span></p>
 
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| style="width:37.55pt" width="53" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">-5</span></span></span></p>
 
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|-
 
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| colspan="3" | <p align="right" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:right; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">95% CIs:</span></span></span></p>  
 
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| style="width:63.05pt" width="86" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0% to 59%</span></span></span></p>
 
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| style="width:69.4pt" width="95" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.001 to 0.39</span></span></span></p>  
 
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| style="width:37.55pt" width="53" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">3 to 682</span></span></span></p>  
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
&nbsp;
 
&nbsp;
  
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{| class="Table" style="width:453.2pt; border:undefined" width="0"
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{| class="Table" style="width: 725px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="604"
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|-
 +
| rowspan="2" style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">&nbsp;</p>
 +
| colspan="2" style="width: 157px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="106" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">1.5 ATA Group</span></span>'''</span></p>
 +
| colspan="2" style="width: 122px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="99" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">2.5 ATA Group</span></span>'''</span></p>
 +
| rowspan="2" style="width: 110px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Difference</span></span>'''</span></p>
 +
| rowspan="2" style="width: 93px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="82" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">95% CI</span></span>'''</span></p>
 +
|-
 +
| style="width: 81px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="56" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Mean</span></span>'''</span></p>
 +
| style="width: 68px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="48" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">SD</span></span>'''</span></p>
 +
| style="width: 66px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="52" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Mean</span></span>'''</span></p>
 +
| style="width: 79px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="45" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">SD</span></span>'''</span></p>
 +
|-
 +
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" |
 +
<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Fasting blood sugar (mmol/L) at 1 month</span></span>'''</span>
 +
 
 +
| style="width: 81px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="56" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">10.9</span></span></span></p>
 +
| style="width: 68px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="48" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.93</span></span></span></p>
 +
| style="width: 66px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="52" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">9.6</span></span></span></p>
 +
| style="width: 79px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="45" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.81</span></span></span></p>
 +
| style="width: 110px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">1.3</span></span></span></p>
 +
| style="width: 93px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="82" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.96 to 1.64</span></span></span></p>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="width:124.95pt" width="170" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Non-Event Outcomes</span></span>'''</span></p>  
+
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" |
−
| style="width:90.65pt" width="123" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Time to outcome/s</span></span>'''</span></p>  
+
<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">HbA1c (%) at 1 month</span></span>'''</span>
−
| style="width:83.55pt" width="113" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Control group</span></span>'''</span></p>  
+
 
−
| style="width:97.7pt" width="132" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Experimental group</span></span>'''</span></p>  
+
| style="width: 81px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="56" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">8.8</span></span></span></p>
−
| style="width:47.35pt" width="66" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">P-value</span></span>'''</span></p>  
+
| style="width: 68px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="48" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.92</span></span></span></p>  
 +
| style="width: 66px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="52" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">7.8</span></span></span></p>  
 +
| style="width: 79px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="45" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.8</span></span></span></p>  
 +
| style="width: 110px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">1.0</span></span></span></p>  
 +
| style="width: 93px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="82" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.67 to 1.33</span></span></span></p>  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| style="width:124.95pt" width="170" |  
+
| style="border:solid windowtext 1.0pt" |  
−
<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">HbA1c</span></span>'''</span>
+
<span style="line-height:normal">'''<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">Insulin (microU/ml) at one month</span></span>'''</span>
  
−
| style="width:90.65pt" width="123" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">6 months</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 81px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="56" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">19.4</span></span></span></p>  
−
| style="width:83.55pt" width="113" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">9.1 SD 0.82</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 68px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="48" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">1.75</span></span></span></p>  
−
| style="width:97.7pt" width="132" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">8.0 SD 0.79</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 66px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="52" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">17.8</span></span></span></p>
−
| style="width:47.35pt" width="66" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">< 0.05</span></span></span></p>  
+
| style="width: 79px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="45" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">1.31</span></span></span></p>  
 +
| style="width: 110px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="74" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">1.6</span></span></span></p>
 +
| style="width: 93px; border: 1pt solid windowtext;" width="82" | <p align="center" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:">0.57 to 2.63</span></span></span></p>  
 
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Latest revision as of 01:04, 22 July 2021

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improved the proportion good outcomes in diabetic patients following haemorrhagic stroke

1. More individuals who had HBOT were deemed to have a good outcome at six months following the haemorrhagic stroke
2. Glycaemic control was improved with HBOT at six months

Citation/s:1. Xu Q, Fan SB, Wan YL, Liu XL, Wang L. The potential long-term neurological improvement of early hyperbaric oxygen therapy on haemorrhagic stroke in the diabetics. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2018 Apr 1;138:75-80.
Lead author's name and fax: xuqian6521@126.com

Three-part Clinical Question:For patients with diabetes and suffering a haemorrhagic stroke, does the application of hyperbaric oxygen improve outcome?
Search Terms: intracerebral haemorrhage; stroke; diabetes

The Study:Double-blinded concealed randomised controlled trial with intention-to-treat.
The Study Patients: Adult patients with a history of diabetes and presenting to the emergency department within 24 hours of a CT-confirmed haemorrhagic stroke. Excluded if severe (NIHSS >22) or died over the next six months.
Control group (N = 32; 32 analysed): All standard care plus air breathing in a chamber at 1.5 ATA for 60 minutes daily for 30 days.
Experimental group (N = 47; 47 analysed): As above but breathing 100% oxygen at 2.5 ATA.

The Evidence:

Outcome

Time to Outcome

1.5 ATA group

2.5 ATA group

Relative risk reduction

Absolute risk reduction

NNT

Modified Rankin Score </= 1  (Good outcome)

6 months

.69

.89

30%

0.2

5

95% CIs:

3% to 57%

0.02 to 0.39

3 to 44

NIHSS </= 2 (Good outcome)

6 months

.56

.81

44%

0.25

4

95% CIs:

7% to 80%

0.04 to 0.45

2 to 24

 

 

1.5 ATA Group

2.5 ATA Group

Difference

95% CI

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Fasting blood sugar (mmol/L) at 1 month

10.9

0.93

9.6

0.81

1.3

0.96 to 1.64

HbA1c (%) at 1 month

8.8

0.92

7.8

0.8

1.0

0.67 to 1.33

Insulin (microU/ml) at one month

19.4

1.75

17.8

1.31

1.6

0.57 to 2.63

Comments:
1. Intriguing study with interesting outcomes. It should be reproduced elsewhere sooner rather than later as the results seem very important
2. Note planned retrospective exclusion of patients who died within 6 months, but none died.
3. Patients were randomised on a 1 Control :1.5 HBO schedule.
4. Modified Rankin <2 is no symptoms or no significant disability, NIHSS <3 similar and Barthel Index suggests fully independent functioning

Appraised by: Mike Bennett m.bennett@unsw.edu.au; Thursday, 23 January 2020
Kill or Update By: January 2023

 

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